In this article, we are going to cover: Program files system of C++, Structure of a C++ program and something about C++ IDE.
So, let’s move ahead…
1. Program files system of C++
- Basically, when we write code, the code is saved in a “title.cpp” file; the object code (binary
code) is stored in “title.o” file,
and the application file is a “title.exe”.
This all files and the arrangement of these
files in directories is C++ program files system.
- So, let’s learn the process of creating these files. The
code we write is called as Source code,
it is written in a “title.cpp” file called Source
code file. When we successfully compile source code, a “title.o” file is
generated which has all the binary code
of our program and some references
to the external files associated with our program (like graphics libraries
files) and this file is called Object Code file. Concurrently a “title.exe” file is created which is nothing but
our main executable file.
That’s it.
2. Structure of a C++ program
- Every programming language has its own program structure;
likewise, C++ also has a program structure.
- A program structure is nothing but a Skelton, which all the
codes of that particular language follow. It specifies the way and
area to do the correct stuff on the correct place (stuff like external files inclusion, variable declaration and etc.).
- So here is the structure of C++ program, a C++ program is
divided into following sections:
Header File Declaration Section:
-In this section, we include the required header files for the program. Header
files are nothing but the files which contain
implementations of all the functions and the macros which we use in the program.
-also in this section, we declare macros, macros are nothing but constants which represent something statement or value.
These codes are just for example, no need to understand. We
will learn them ahead.
-we will understand both the things practically in next the article
with code.
Global Declaration Section:
-this section has a lot of stuff, like the declaration of global variables,
declaration and, definition of
functions etc.
Class Declaration and method definition section:
-in this section we declare
all the classes being used in the program and implement them by defining all the member function of
each class.
Main Program section:
- This section contains our main function. The Main
function is the entry point for any C++ program.
- In the main function, we declare objects, variables, do calling other function. In short,
all our program logic is in the main
function.
3. C++ IDE
- To build a C++ application, we need following things: Text Editor to write Code, Compiler to compile code, Linker to link files, Debugger to debug the program and many
more things. If we use them separately, it’s going to take much time of us. While developing software, we repeatedly need to test code by
executing it. So it will consume a lot of our time to go through this
applications separately.
-here IDE comes to
rescue. IDE stands for Integrated
Development Environment. It integrates
text editor, compiler, debugger, and others all in a single software package,
and make it easy for us to compile and
run the program with just one-click. This is what an IDE is.
-C++ has a lot of
IDE’s in the market, of which Visual
Studio C++ is most famous and
used for developing huge programs in
Windows.
-Code::Blocks is a
Cross-platform IDE and light and efficient too. For small-scale
programming and practice, DevC++ is
also a good choice.
-There are many more IDE available in the market for every platform (even Android like
CppDroid) and there are Online IDE’s also (like C++ Shell). You can search
for them, and choose as per your choice.
I personally recommend and use Code::Blocks.
- I will request you guys to install an IDE in your device so you can practice as we go ahead. One cannot learn programming without
practice.
So this much for this article, we are going to do Code in next article, Coding a "Hello World" Program in C++.
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